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Question Assalamu alaykum wa rahmatullah. Thank you very much for
your help in reading the Holy Qur'an, the words of Allah, glory be to Him. I
would like to have clarification regarding the reading of hamza bearing fat'ha
tanwiin when we stop on that hamza. I have heard two different specialists
lengthening the fat'ha, as "
"
(Sura Al-Baqara, Verse 22). I can understand why the vowel is
lengthened in similar endings with fat'ha tanwiin involving other letters, as
in "
"
or "
," because in those
cases there is alif after the tanwin. But there is no alif after the
hamza. So why does the lengthening still take place with hamza? Should
it be understood that there is a hidden alif after the hamza or is it just a
special case, because hamza itself is, in many, cases interchanged with alif?
Your input will be highly appreciated. Thank you again for using your
valuable time in helping. Wassalamu alaykum wa rahmatullah. Answer Wa alaaikum assalaam wa
rahmatu Allahi wa barakatuh. You
are most welcome. May Allah make
us all “ahl al-Qur’an”. All the examples you
sited in your question have what is called a medd ‘iwadh (
) when
stopping. The definition of this
lengthening is: It is substituting a lengthened alif for the tanween with a
fath, when stopping on it. The
lengthening is two counts, which means, the length of two vowels, the same as
the counts of the natural medd. This
medd takes place whether there is an alif written after the letter with the
tanween or not. When
continuing reading and not stopping on the word that has the tanween with a
fath, this lengthening disappears and the
saakinah
rules are applied to the tanween. The alif then, is only
used when stopping, and not written in all the words that have this rule
applied. As you noticed, the alif
is not written specifically when there is a hamzah for the last letter of the
word and an alif immediately preceding it.
The Arabs dislike to have two of the same letter near each other in
writing, and if the alif used only for stopping were written in a word like
or
, or
there
would be two alifs very close to each other. If the alif used only for stopping were written in, there
would be confusion as to the tajweed rule applied, since then there would be a
hamzah preceding a written alif which is a medd badl. The hamzah is not
interchanged with an alif in pronunciation at all in Arabic, but there are
some who call the hamzah an alif because it often uses an alif to sit on, but
the correct way to name it is a hamzah. The
alif is the lengthened alif that has no vowel on it and is preceded by a
fat-h. In conclusion, all words
in the question that end with a tanween fat-h are lengthened two vowel counts
when stopping, whether an alif is written in on the end of the word, or not.
Something to note is
that words that end with a female
and
have a tanween fat-h are not lengthened when stopping.
The word is stopped on instead with a
saakinah
(as in:
). Wa assalaam alaikum wa
rahmatu Allahi wa barakatuh. |