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Maddul 'iwad is referred to as the substitute madd and maddul badal as exchange madd. Could you clarify the difference in terminology.

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Question
Assalamu 'alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh

In shaa Allah you and loved ones are all well, and in the best of eemaan and health. Ameen.

Maddul 'iwad is referred to as the substitute madd and maddul badal as exchange madd. Could you clarify the difference in terminology as they seem to be synonyms as far as English is concerned (although the madood are different in formation).

Jazakallahu khair

Wassalamu 'alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh

Answer
Wa alaikum assalaam wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh,
Al-hamdu lillah, we are well and insha' Allah you are likewise with soaring eemaan and righteous deeds. 

The terms are of course ones used by old scholars, and then translated into English. Both terms are similar as in each case a letter is put in place of another.   Some terms cannot be exactly translated into English, as sometimes there are four or five English words which can mean the same as the Arabic word, so it is always approximate. 
In the Medd al-'iwadh, an alif is substituted for the tanween, other words for 'iwadh are replace or compensate.  The tanween is dropped when stopped and an alif it substituted for it, or the alif replaces it. 

In madd al-badl, there are two hamzahs, the first voweled the second saakinah, and a medd letter is put in the place of the hamzah saakinah. 
So as you can see, the terms are similar, but one is used for alif which read instead of a tanween fathah when stopping, and in the other case, a medd letter has been put in place of a hamzah, and not limited to stopping. 
It is easier to have one term for each rule so the student of the Qur'an knows automatically what is happening while learning the rules.

Wa iyyaakum
Wa assalam alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh
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