Question

Assalaamu alaikum,

 1) Could you please explain the following terms in the light of Hafs 'an 'Aasim: "at takbeer ul 'aam", "at takbeer fee awaaili suwar il khatm" and "at takbeer fee awaakhiri suwar il khatm" and the rulings of continuing and stopping between two surahs with takbeer.

 2) With regards Hafs 'an 'Aasim what are the rulings on "sakt 'alaa saakin qabl alhamz" and what is meant by "sakt 'aam" and "sakt khaas". How exactly are these performed in Hafs 'an 'Aasim.

 3) I heard that there are several ways of saying ta'awwudh between the various qira'aat (eg aoodho billaahis samee il aleem minash shaytaan irrajeem, was taftah Allaah wahuwa khayrul faatiheen"), is this true and if so, what are the ways allowed in Hafs?

Thanks

Answer

Wa alaikum assalaam wa rahmatu Allahi wa barakatuh.

1.  is a category of some of the ways of reading (from tareeq aT-Tayyibah of Hafs 'an Aasim), and in these ways, before the basmalah of each surah, (other than surah At-Tawbah, which has no basmalah), one recites the takbeer.  In other words, one recites the words before the basmalah at the beginning of a surah.
Takbeer fee awaa'ili suwar refers to many ways of Hafs (again from tareeq aT-Tayyibah) that do not have takbeer before the basmalah of each surah, but from the beginning of surah Adh-Dhuahaa until the end of the Qur'an (surah An-Naas), they do have takbeer before the basmalah of each surah.
Takbeer fee awaakhiri suwar al-khatm refers to another group of ways that start the takbeer from the end of surah Adh-Dhuhaa until the end of surah An-Naas.
One may join two surahs together using the same allowances for joining the end of a surah with the basmalah and the next surah, with the exception that with the last category of ways (Takbeer fee awaakhiri suwar al-khatm), the takbeer may be read in continuum with the end of the surah and then one may stop, then the basmalah and the beginning of the next surah read together or separatel.  This is because the takbeer considered to be at the end of the surah and not the beginning of the next surah in this way. 

2.  refers to having a sakt (breathless pause) only if a hamzah follows the alif laam ta'reef (such as: ) or on the word in any of its three possible vowelizations (kasrah, dhammah or fat-h), or if the saakin is at the end of a word and the hamzah the first letter of the next word (as in between the tanween and hamzah in):  of the aayah; and between the saakin and the hamzah in: .  This type of sakt occurs only with a four vowel count medd for both   and. 
is a general sakt for all saakin (except a medd letter) before a hamzah whether between two words or in one word.  This type of sakt includes all that the  has, but also adds within a word, such as after the : .   The length of  is six vowel counts in this way, and  is four vowel counts. 
Both of these ways have special considerations for reading the special words of Hafs, and before one reads in any of these ways, they must know how each of the special words are read.

 

3.  All of the different qira'aat recommend the normal way of , , but also allow the way mentioned in the first part of the question: aoodho billaahis samee il aleem minash shaytaan irrajeem
.    Imam Ash-Shatibiyy referred to this way of  in his poem on the seven qira'aat when he said:

 Meaning:

1. If you want to read the Qur'an at any time, then seek refuge
with Allah out loud from the shayTaan, absolutely.

2.  on what came with ease in An-Nahl [aayah 98] , and if you add
for your Lord praise, then you are not characterized as ignorant. 

The line about adding praise for your Lord is referring to the additional praise of Allah in the isti'aathah, as in the question.

 We are unaware of the last part referred to in the question  ("was taftah Allaah wahuwa khayrul faatiheen ") and have not come across it before in books of tajweed or qira'aat, but the Arabic as written is not a proper Arabic phrase.

You are most welcome.