Question
1.
With regards to the Ikh-Faa’ rule of the meem saakinah (meem saakinah
preceding the letter ba), how does one hide/conceal the meem? I read in one
Tajweed book that a space is left between the lips when pronouncing the meem,
however the information in your website says that this should not happen.
Please clarify how one conceals the meem in this case.
2.In
regards to the grammar lessons, do all present tense verbs end with a dhammah?
Also what is the meaning of the word “conjugated”?
3.
In the lessons on Waqf (stopping), a lot is mentioned about phrases linked in
meaning and grammar. What does “liked in grammar” mean? Also in these
lessons it was mentioned that an example was “stopping on an exceptional
statement”. What does that mean? Also what is the meaning of “the female
ha is always conjugated and never fixed.”
4. In
regards to
, can one use this rule with all words that
end with a dhammah or dhammah tanween?
Answer
Assalaam
alaikum wa rahmatu Allah.
1. Please click
on the following links for a detailed explanation of the difference of opinion
in the position of the lips in
and
.
http://www.abouttajweed.com/23070102.htm
http://www.abouttajweed.com/060602.htm
2.
Not all present tense verbs end with a dhammah, most notably the double
form of a present tense verb, and the plural form of a present tense verb do
not end with a dhammah, but most others do end with a dhammah, as long as they
are not affected by a letter before it, which happens in a conditional phrase
and other incidences.
The meaning of conjugation can be found in the answer to number three.
3. Linked in grammar means there
is a grammatical link between one part of the phrase and the other.
For example, there may be a word that it is allowed to stop on, but
there is a conjunctive joining the part stopped on and the following part, an
case in point is:
in which the
explanation of the meaning can be translated as: and those that believe in
that which was revealed to you and [believe also] in that which was revealed
before you . In this phrase
the verb “believe” is needed
to understand the first part:
, and is also
needed for the second part:
.
This last part if recited without the first part, and most importantly
without the verb “believe” would have a completely different understanding
than the true meaning. The
which
is red in color, means “and believe”.
These two phrases are then linked in grammar, as well as meaning.
Another
example is when there is a letter or word grammatically affecting more than
one verb or noun in the phrase; one may stop on one of the verbs or noun, but
since the next verb or noun is also affected, we cannot start on the next
word. An illustration of this is in:
Al-Anfaal 11.
The translation of the explanation of the meaning is: and
He send down upon you from the sky rain by which to purify you and remove from
you the evil of Satan.
The
letter
that
is in red, which means approximately “by which” affects the verb by it
getting a fat-hah on the last letter (the letter
) and it also affect the next verb,
, in the same way.
This is then linked in grammar and meaning.
Stopping on an exceptional
statement is when stopping before a word that indicates there is an exception
to the previous phrase, such as stopping before the word
or
.
In Arabic some
words are fixed in their vowels and never change, no matter what their
grammatical position may be as in:
which
always has a dhammah on the last letter. Other
words are conjugated and the word changes according to its grammatical place
in the sentence, such as the vowel on the last letter changing in many words.
An example of this is the three different vowels on the last letter
Glorious name of Allah:
,
,
and
; which change depending on the
grammatical conjugation of the Glorious name of Allah.
4.
We can stop on a word with
if
the dhammah or kasrah is fixed and not incidental or conditional (called
presented vowelization in the tidbit lesson.
If the dhammah, for example, is the result of two saakin letters
meeting, such as the dhammah acquired on the plural
when
as saakin letter follows it, as in the phrase:
, then we
cannot stop with
, and instead can only stop with a pure
sukoon. Also, as stated in the
lesson on stopping on the ends of words, we cannot stop on
(the
letter written as
or
) with
, and the pronoun or direct object
has
three schools of thought as to whether we can stop with
or
not. See the following link for more details
http://www.abouttajweed.com/stopping_on_the_ends_of_words_3.htm