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Question

Why is the word “with”  sometimes written as  in the Qur’an?

Answer

The preposition can have an attached , or pronouns that are objects of the preposition.  The word  has the plural pronoun added on to make the meaning “with them”.  The word  has the added letter  with a fat-h on the end, so it then means “with you” (singular male).  If there was the same letter  attached with a kasrah on the end, it would mean “you” (singular female).  Pronouns can be added to prepositions in Arabic in all the possible combinations.  A few more are:

indicating him

 meaning her

 which means them (female)

 which indicates them (either all male or a mixture of male and female)

meaning them (two)